AIDS infection

CNS manifestation of the AIDS:

1-Infection:

- Could be infection due to the virus itself causing encephalitis, meningitis or ventriculitis.

-Infection due deterioration of the immune system resulting in opportunistic infection such as pneumocytic carini pneumonia in the chest or any infection as fungus,PML or TB.

2-Tumors:

-The most famous neoplasm affecting patient with AIDS is lymphoma.

3-Drug related complication:

4-Finally, when you deals with patient has CNS troubles and has AIDS, you have two main causes for that CNS disease which are toxoplasma or lymphoma (important rule, do not forget it).

5-Finally remember that the immune compromise patient usually has radiological appearance not similar to that seen in the routine work up to you may needs to ask for biopsy to solve this problem.

 6-AIDS dementia complex:

-White matter changes in a young patient due to the effect of the virus or treatment.

7-Progressive multi focal leukoencephalopathy:

-Especially seen in patient with AIDS.

-Especial location around the ventricle in the posterior parietal white matter area.

-CT: hypo dense area.

-T1:hypo intense area.

-T2&FLAIR:hyper intense area.

-No contrast enhancement.

No mass effect, no edema and again no enhancement.